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Common Printing Terminology
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A
AA’s
- Author’s
Alterations. The corrections and changes to a document after it has
been repaired by the desktop publishing department that were requested
by the author and different from the original material submitted. Quick
printers charge for AAs and any changes requested by the customer.
Acetate
- a
transparent sheet placed over artwork where the artist writes
instructions or indicates where second color is to be placed. Also known
as Overlay.
Airbrush
- a tool
used in illustration design and photographic retouching. Produces an
adjustable spray of paint driven by compressed air.
Align
- to line
up typeset or other graphic material, using a base or vertical line as
the reference point.
Ampersand
- (&)- a
character used instead of the word "and".
Application
- a
software program designed for a specific business or function. Adobe
PageMaker is an application program.
Art
- in
graphic arts industry, all matter other than text material, e.g.
illustrations and photographs.
Ascender
- any part
of a lower case letter extending above the x-height. For example, the
upper half of the vertical in the letters b or h.
Attachment
- a
computer file that is appended to an electric mail message.
Automatic hyphenation
- the
application decides where to break or hyphenate a word.
Automatic pagination
- to let the computer automatically divide a multi-page document
into pages of a specific length.
Authors corrections
- changes
made to the copy by the author after typesetting other than those made
as a result of errors in keying in the copy. An additional charge is
made for these corrections.
B
Backing up
- to print
the second side of the printed sheet.
Bad break
- any page
or column that results in a widow, orphan, an incorrectly hyphenated
word or the break to another line of two works that should stay
together.
Balloon
- a circle
or bubble used in cartoons that encloses copy in an illustration.
Banner
- a
headline or title extending across the full page width.
Bar code
- A pattern
of vertical bars and spaces representing characters that is readable
with a scanner.
Baseline
- the line
on which the bases of capital letters sit.
Baseline-to-baseline
- the
distance from the baseline of one line to the baseline of the following
line, usually measured in points. Also known as leading.
Baud
- a measure
of the transmission rate over a modem.
BBS
- a
bulletin board service.
Bezier curve
- a
mathematical function capable of generating curves suitable for
outlining graphic forms or characters of any typeface, style or size.
Bit
- a binary
digit, the smallest information entity.
Bit map
- a
dot-by-dot description of an electronic image.
Bit map graphics
- graphics
created by controlling individual pixels on a display screen that can be
reproduced as a printed image. The quality of bit mapped graphics is not
as good as other available formats.
Bit map font
- a type of
font in which the characters are represented by bit maps. T is usually
used to represent the font on the screen. While reproducible on paper,
bit mapped fonts are not of the same quality as higher resolution fonts.
Bits per second (bps)
- a
measurement of transmission speed of a modem.
Bleed \ layout
- type or
pictures that extend beyond the trim marks on a page. Illustrations that
spread to the edge of the paper without margins are referred to as ‘bled
off’.
Blind emboss
- a raised
impression made without using ink or foil.
Blow up
- an
enlargement of a graphic image or photograph.
Blueline
- a proof
made directly from the press negative onto photo-sensitive paper showing
the printed piece exactly as it will appear.
Body
- the main
text of the work. Does not include headlines and captions.
Boilerplate
- stored
paragraphs or documents that may be combined or recalled to create a new
document.
Bold type
- type with
a heavier darker appearance.
Bomb
- a
computer crash. The computer freezes and must be restarted.
Border
- a
decorative design or rule surrounding an element on the page.
Box
- a section
of text marked off by rules or white space and presented separately from
the main text and illustrations. Longer boxed sections are sometimes
referred to as sidebars.
Bug
- a
malfunction in a software program that can cause a bomb or crash.
Bullet
- a large
dot preceding text to add emphasis.
Byte
- a unit
measure for computers.
C
CAD
- Computer
Aided Design. Software used in engineering and manufacturing
applications to create and modify technical drawings.
Caliper
- the
thickness of the sheet of paper or board expressed in microns. Also the
name of the tool used to make the measurement.
Callout
- text that
identifies element of an illustration or any material such as a "pull
quote" that is called out of the text.
Camera ready
- artwork
or pasted up material that is ready for reproduction.
Cap line
- an
imaginary line across the top of capital letters. The distance from the
cap line to the baseline is the cap size.
Caps
- an
abbreviation for capital letters.
Caps and small caps
- a style
of type that shows capital letters used in the normal way while the body
copy is set in capital letters which are of a slightly smaller size.
Caption
- the line
or lines of text that refer to information identifying a picture or
illustration.
Carbonless
- paper
coated with chemicals which will produce copies without carbon paper.
Also referred to as NCR (No Carbon Required).
Carriage return
- the act
of returning to the beginning of a line.
CD-ROM
- Compact
Disk- Read Only Memory.
CEPS
- Color
Electronic Prepress System. A proprietary electronic prepress system for
the manipulation of raster images.
Character count
- the
number of letters, figures, signs or spaces in a piece of copy, line or
paragraph. Used to calculate the length of headlines and the amount of
body copy.
Cicero
- a unit of
measure. One cicero is 4,511 mm or 0.178 inches or 12 didot points.
Clipboard
- a
temporary storage area used for copying and storing data on a computer.
Coated
- paper
with a clay surface coating that has a smoother, more even finish with
greater opacity.
Collate
- to gather
separate sections or leaves of a book together in the correct order for
binding.
Color separations
- the
division of a multi-colored original or line copy into the primary
process colors of yellow, magenta, cyan and black.
Color matching
-
technology that produces color images on a laser printer identical to
those produced by a press.
Column inch
- a measure
of area used in newspapers and magazines to calculate the cost of
display advertising. A column inch is one column wide by one column
deep.
Column rule
- a light
faced vertical rule used to separate columns of type.
COM1, COM2
- the
communications input/output ports built into most PC’s.
Communication protocol
- the
exchange of a special sequence of control characters between two
computers so information can be transferred correctly.
Comp
- term for
a detail full-sized mock-up made of a document.
Composition
- the
process of setting type and arranging it on the page.
Continuous tone
- an image
in which the subject has continuous shades of color or gray without
being broken up by dots. Continuous tones cannot be reproduced in that
form for printing but must be screened to translate the image into dots.
Contrast
- the
degree of tones in a paragraph ranging from highlight to shadow.
Control key
- a
computer keyboard sequence that alters the meaning of another key.
Copyright
- the right
of copyright gives protection to the creator of material to prevent use
without express permission or acknowledgment of the creator.
Corner marks
- marks
printed on a sheet to indicate the trim or register marks.
CPU
- central
processing unit. The main part of the computer where the calculations
take place.
Cropping
- the
elimination of parts of a photograph or other original that are not
required to be printed.
Crop marks
- lines
printed on the page to show where the page will be trimmed.
CRT
-
Cathode-ray tube or another word for a computer monitor.
CTP
-
computer-to-plate.
Cursor
- the
flashing marker on a monitor screen that indicates where in the document
you are working.
Cursive
- used to
describe typefaces that resemble written script.
Cut and paste
- the act
of moving blocks of text from one place to another in a document.
Cut-sheet
- paper cut
into standard sizes ready for use with a copier or press.
Cutline
- another
term for caption.
Cutout
- a
halftone where the background has been removed to produce a silhouette.
Cyan
- one of
the four colors used in printing. A shade of greenish-blue.
Cyberspace
- a term
used to describe the area where computer communications take place.
D
Dash
- a short
horizontal rule used for punctuation.
Database
- a
collection of interrelated data items that can be viewed and sorted in
multiple ways. Mailing lists are typically created from a database.
Default
- a
predetermined option on a computer used when the user does not specify a
specific option.
Density
- the
darkness of type.
Descender
- any part
of a lower case letter that extends below the x-height, as in the case
of y and j.
Die
- a
hardened steel engraving stamp used to print an inked image. Used in the
production of good quality letter headings.
Digital
-
information represented by a binary code. Also refers to any task or
action that uses a transportable computer file.
Dingbats
- special
characters used to design elements.
Disk
- the
standard media used to transport files from one computer to another.
Disk cartridge
- a
removable hard disk unit.
Disk Operating System (DOS)
- software
for computer systems with disk drives which supervises and controls the
running of programs.
Display type
- larger
type used for headings, etc. Normally about 18 point or larger.
Dithering
- the
creation of additional colors and shades from an existing palette by
interspersing pixels of different colors.
Domain name
- a name of
a host system in a network. Refers to the name of an Internet site on
the World Wide Web.
Dot
- a unit of
measurement. Also referred to as a pixel, spot or pel.
Dot gain
- the
enlargement of halftone tones on the press resulting in a loss of detail
in the image.
Dot matrix printer
- a printer
in which each character is formed from a matrix of dots.
Double density
- a method
of recording on floppy disks using a modified frequency modulation
process that allows more data to be stored on a disk.
Download
- the
process of receiving a file from another source or to send a font to the
memory of a printer.
Downloadable fonts
- type
faces which can be stored on a disk and then downloaded to the printer
when required for printing.
DPI (Dots Per Inch)
- the
measurement of resolution for page printers, phototypesetting machines
and graphics screens. Currently graphics screens reproduce 60 to 100
dpi. The current standard for laser printers is 600 dpi. Imagesetters
usually operated at a much higher dpi.
Driver
- a special
computer program that controls a peripheral device such as a laser
printer.
Drop cap
- a large
initial letter at the start of the text that drops into the line or
lines of text below.
Dry transfer (lettering)
-
characters, drawings, etc., that can be transferred to the artwork by
rubbing them off the back of the transfer sheet.
DTP
- desktop
publishing.
Dummy
- a mock
layout of a document.
E
E-mail
-
electronic mail sent from one computer to another.
Electronic publishing
- a generic
term for the distribution of information which is stored, transmitted
and reproduced electronically. Desktop publishing forms just one part of
the electronic publishing market.
Em
- a
printing measurement. It is a square unit with edges equal in size to
the chosen point size. It gets its name from the letter M which
originally was as wide as the type size.
Em dash
- a dash
used in punctuation the length of one em.
Embossing
- relief
images formed by using a recessed die.
En dash
- a dash
approximately half the width of an em dash.
En
- a unit of
measurement that is half as wide as an em.
EPS
-
encapsulated postscript file. A file format used to create a graphic
file that will be placed inside another application.
Extension
- the last
three characters of a file name, proceeded by a period, that identifies
the file format.
F
Face
- an
abbreviation for typeface referring to a family in a given style.
Fax
- a
facsimile or a way to electronically transmit a copy of a document from
one location to another.
File
- the term
that describes the record created by a software program.
Filler
- extra
material used to complete a column or page, usually of little
importance.
Finishing
- the
bindery process performed after the document has been copied or printed.
Flag
- the
designed title of a newspaper as it appears at the top of page one,
often confused with masthead.
Floppy disk
- another
term for computer disk used to store and transport files.
Flush left
- copy
aligned along the left margin.
Flush right
- copy
aligned along the right margin.
Font
- a
complete set of characters in a typeface.
Footer
- a design
element printed at the bottom of a page of text.
Format
- the
layout specifications of a document. Also refers to how the computer
file was saved.
Four color process
- printing
in full color using four color separation negatives- yellow, magenta,
cyan, and black.
FTP
- File
Transfer Protocol. An application protocol used for transferring files
on the Internet.
Full bleed
- an
illustration that reaches the edge of the page on all four sides.
Full color printing
- another
term for process color printing.
Function key
- a key on
the computer which activates a particular machine function.
G
Galley proof
- proofs
taken from the galleys before being made up into pages.
Galleys
- the
printing term for long metal trays used to hold type after it had been
set and before the press run.
Gigabyte
-
1,073,741,824 bytes or 1000 megabytes.
Grade
- the
quality of paper.
Grain
- grain can
refer to several printing and computer topics. It can be the visual
texture in a negative, print or transparency; refer to the size of the
smallest features that can be recording on film; or refer to the direct
in which the fibers in paper line up and affect the folding, bending and
cutting.
Gray scale
- a series
of shades from white to black.
Greeking
- a
software device where areas of gray are used to simulate lines of text.
Grid
- a
systematic division of a page into areas as a measuring guide and show
text, illustrations and trim sizes.
Gripper
- the area
at the edge of a sheet of paper that the printer or copier will use to
pull the paper through the machine. This area will not be imaged.
Gutter
- the
central blank area between left and right pages.
H
H & J
-
hyphenation and justification.
Hairline rule
- the
thinnest rule that can be printed.
Hairlines
- the
thinnest of the strokes in a typeface.
Halftone
- an
illustration reproduced by breaking down the original tone into a
pattern of dots of varying size. Light areas have small dots and darker
areas or shadows have larger dots.
Halftone screen
- technique
used to create the dots on a photograph so it can be printed. The number
of lines to the inch controls the coarseness of the final dot formation.
The higher the quality the more lines can be used.
Hanging indent
- type set
where the first lines meet the left margin and the succeeding lines are
indented at a fixed distance from the left margin.
Hard Copy
- output in
a permanent, readable form.
Hard disk
- a rigid
disk sealed inside the computer and used for storing files and
applications.
Hardware
- the
physical equipment used to produce files. Includes the computer,
monitor, keyboard, printer and any peripherals.
Head
- the
margin at the top of the page.
Head-to-head
- printing
on both sides of a sheet where the top of each page is placed at the
same end.
Head-to-foot
- printing
on both sides of a sheet where the top of each page is placed at the
opposite ends.
Header
- the
printed material at the top of each page.
Hickies
- a dust
particle sticking to the printing plate or blanket which appears on the
printed sheet as a dark spot surrounded by a halo.
Highlight
- the
lightest area in a photograph or illustration.
Highlight color
- another
term for spot colour.
Hinting
- the set
of rules built into computer fonts to control spacing.
I
Icons
- pictures
on the computer screen that represent documents, folders and
applications. Clicking on the icon with a mouse or pointer will activate
the file.
Impression
- the image produced in a single operation on a printer, copier or
press.
Imposition
- the
arrangement of pages on a printed sheet, which when the sheet is finally
printed on both sides, folded and trimmed, will place the pages in their
correct order.
Imprinting
- the
printing of additional information on an already printed piece.
Initial cap
- a capital
letter that is larger than the surrounding text. Also called a drop cap.
Ink jet
- a type of
computer printer that sprays a liquid ink onto the paper using a dot
matrix pattern.
Input
- the act
of entering data that is to be processed by the computer.
Integrated software
- a group
of applications designed to work together and share data easily.
Interface
- the
interaction between the computer and the user or the control of the flow
of data between a computer and its peripherals.
Internet
- a
world-wide computer network to allow computer users to interact through
telephone lines.
ISP
- Internet
service provider. A vendor who provides a gateway to the Internet.
Italic
- type with
sloping letters.
J
Jaggies
- a term
used to describe the stair-stepped appearance of bit mapped images.
JAZ
- name of
removable disk capable of storing 500 megabytes to one gigabyte of
information.
Jog
- the
procedure that aligns all sheets of paper to form an even stack.
left
- the
alignment of text along a margin or both margins. This is achieved by
adjusting the spacing between the words and characters as necessary so
that each line of text finishes at the same point.
K
K (Kilobyte)
- 1024
bytes, a binary 1,000. 1,000 kilobytes makes one megabyte.
Kerning
- the
adjustment of spacing between certain letter pairs to obtain a more
pleasing appearance.
Kern pair
- a
specific letter combination that has been kerned for better appearance.
Keyline
- an
outline drawn or set on artwork showing the size and position of an
illustration or halftone.
L
Ladder
- a
succession of lines all ending with a hyphen.
Laid
- paper
with a watermark pattern showing the wire marks used in the paper making
process, Usually used for high quality stationery.
Laminate
- a thin
transparent plastic coating applied to paper or board to provide
protection and give it a glossy finish.
Landscape
-
positioning an image on a page where the width used is greater than the
height.
Laser printer
- a high
quality image printing system using a laser beam to produce an image on
a photosensitive drum. The image is transferred on to paper by a
conventional xerographic printing process. Most laser printers offer 600
dpi resolution.
Layout
- a sketch
of a page for printing showing the position of text and illustrations
and giving general instructions.
Lead or Leading
- space
added between lines of type to space out text and provide visual
separation of the lines. Named after the strips of lead which used to be
inserted between lines of metal type.
Legal size
- U.S.
paper measure of 8 ½ by 14 inches.
Ligature
- letters
which are joined together as a single unit of type such as oe and fi.
Lightface
- type
having finer strokes than the medium typeface. Not used as frequently as
medium.
Line art
- pictures
that use no halftones or shades of gray.
Line gauge
- a metal
rule used by printers, divided into Picas it is 72 picas long.
Line measure
- the width
of a line of type. Same as line length.
Line screen
- a
transparent screen used to convert a picture or photograph into a
halftone.
Logo
- short for
logotype. Often used to denote a specially styled company name designed
as part of a corporate image.
Lower case
- the small
letters in a font of type.
Lpi
- lines per
inch.
M
M (Megabyte)
- one
million bytes.
Magenta
- one of
the primary colors in full color printing. A shade of bluish-red. Also
known as process red.
Magnetic ink
- a
magnetized ink that can be read by electronic machines. Used in check
printing.
Make-up
- the
assembling of all elements, to form the printed image.
Making ready
- the time
spent in making ready the level of the printing surface by packing out
under the form or around the impression cylinder.
Margins
- the
non-printing areas of page.
Mark-up
- copy
prepared for a compositor setting out in detail all the typesetting
instructions.
Mask
- opaque
material or masking tape used to block-off an area of the artwork.
Masthead
- details
of publisher and editorial staff usually printed on the contents page.
Measure
- denotes
the width of a setting expressed in pica ems.
Menu-driven
- programs
which allow the user to request functions by choosing from a list of
options.
Metallic ink
- printing
inks which produce an effect of gold, silver, bronze or metallic colors.
Mock-up
- the rough
visual of a publication or design.
Modem
- a device
for transmitting data between computers over telephone lines.
Moire pattern
- the
result of superimposing half-tone screens at the wrong angle thereby
giving a checkered effect on the printed halftone.
Montage
- a single
image formed from the assembling of several images.
Mouse
- a
computer pointing device used to select and point on a computer screen.
Multi-user
- a
computer system designed to be used simultaneously by more than one
user.
N
Native application file
- refers to
a file that was created by a particular application and can be opened
and edited by another copy of the application.
Negative
- a
photographic image which reverses the black and white values. It is the
result of photographing camera art on a process camera and is part of
the platemaking process.
Network
- a
combination of computers and peripherals connected with cables that can
transfer and share files.
O
OCR (Optical Character Recognition)
- a procedure which allows a scanner to convert a preprinted image
into text that can be edited and formatted on a computer.
On demand
- printing
output only when it is needed.
Opacity
- term used
to describe the degree to which paper will show print through.
Optical Centre
- a point
above the true centre of the page.
Optical disks
- another
type of media for file storage.
Orphan
- line of
type on its own at the top or bottom of a page.
Outline font
- a printer
font where each character is described mathematically.
Output
- a term
when used as a noun refers to the information printed on paper and as a
verb to information transmitted from the computer to a printer.
Output device-
another term for printer.
Overlay
- a
transparent sheet used in the preparation of multi-color artwork showing
the color breakdown and designer instructions.
Overprinting
- printing
over an area already printed. Used to emphasize changes or alterations.
P
Page Description Language (PDL)
- a special
form of programming language which enables both text and graphics
(object or bit-image) to be described in a series of mathematical
statements.
Page proofs
- the stage
following galley proofs, in which pages are made up and paginated.
Pagination
- the
process of breaking blocks of text into pages.
Palette
- the set
of colors available in as application.
Pantone
- a
registered name for an ink color matching system.
Paper plate
- a short
run offset printing plate on which matter can be typed directly.
Paste up
- the
various elements of a layout mounted in position to form camera-ready
artwork.
Path
- the route
or directions through directories and sub-directories that locates where
a file or application is stored in a computer.
PC
- personal
computer, usually referring to a Windows-compatible computer.
Perfect binding
- a method
of binding paperback books.
Pica
- a
printing industry unit of measurement. There are 12 points to a pica,
one pica is approximately 0.166 inch.
PICT
- a graphic
format for the Macintosh.
Picking
- the
effect of ink being too tacky and lifting fibers out of the paper. Shows
up as small white dots on areas of colour.
Pixel
- the
smallest unit of a digitized picture on a computer screen or printed.
Plate
- a metal
or light-sensitive paper sheet that holds the image that is to be
printed.
Point
- the
standard unit of type size of which there are 72 to the inch (one point
is approximately 0.011383 inch).
Port
- A channel
through which data leaves and enters a computer, i.e. a printer or
communication port.
Portrait
- an upright image or page where the height is greater than the width.
Positive
- a true
photographic image of the original made on paper or film.
Postscript
- a page
description language developed by Adobe Systems. The code tells the
printer where to place the graphics and text on a page. The computer
code is considered the standard PDL for the graphic arts industry.
Preflight
- to review
a computer file to assure all elements are included and that it will
print properly to an output device.
Prepress
- the steps
leading to the actual printing or copying process.
Primary colors
- cyan,
magenta, and yellow. These three colors when mixed together with black
will produce a reasonable reproduction of all other colours.
Printer font
- the font
file containing the information used to form the font on the printer.
One of two files that make up a Postscript or Type 1 font (printer font
and screen font).
Print-on-demand
- printing
what you want, when you want, where you want.
Printout
- a term
referring to the document output by the printer.
Program
- another
term for application software. The software that creates the file or
manipulates the data.
Proof
- a copy
obtained from inked type, plate, block or screen for checking purposes.
Proportional spacing
- a method of spacing whereby each character is
spaced to accommodate the varying widths of letters or figures, so
increasing readability. Books and magazines are set proportionally
spaced, typewritten documents are generally monospaced.
Pull quote
- a small
piece of text pulled from the main text and set off in larger type or
boxed for emphasis.
Q
Queue
- the order
in which documents are to be printed by the computer.
R
RAM-
Random Access Memory. The area of the computer where the calculations
are completed.
Ragged- lines of type that do not start or end at the same position.
Ranged left / right
-
successive lines of type which are of unequal length and which are
aligned at either the right or left hand column.
Raster Image Processor (RIP)
- a device
or program that translates instructions from a computer to a page
description language used by the output service.
Ream
- a
measurement equaling 500 sheets of paper.
Record
- a piece
of data treated as a unit.
Register
- the
correct positioning of an image when printing one color on another.
Resolution
- the
measurement used in typesetting to express quality of output. Measured
in dots per inch, the greater the number of dots, the more smoother and
cleaner appearance the character/ image will have.
Retouching
- a means
of altering artwork or color separations to correct faults or enhance
the image.
Reverse out
- to
reproduce as a white image out of a solid background.
Revise
- indicates
the stages at which corrections have been incorporated from earlier
proofs and new proofs submitted.
RGB
- a color
model composed of red, green, and blue used to define colors on a
computer monitor.
Right reading
- a
positive or negative which reads from left to right.
Rough
- a
preliminary sketch of a proposed design.
RTF
- Rich Text
Format. An interchange format for exchanging editable documents among
word processing programs.
Ruler
- rulers
displayed on the screen that show measures in inches, picas or
millimeters.
Runaround
- the
ability within a program to run text around a graphic image within a
document, without the need to adjust each line manually.
Running head
- a line of
type at the top of a page which repeats a heading.
S
Saddle stitching
- a method
of binding where the folded pages are stitched through the spine from
the outside, using wire staples.
Sans serif
- a
typeface that has no serifs (small strokes at the end of main stroke of
the character).
Scale
- to reduce
or enlarge the amount of space an image will occupy.
Scaling
- a means
of calculating the amount of enlargement or reduction necessary to
accommodate a photograph within the area of a design.
Scanner
- a
digitizing device used to translate a picture or typed text into a
pattern of dots which can be understood and stored by a computer.
Scoring
- a
pre-defined crease in paper to aid in the folding process.
Screen angle
- when
printing multiple colours, each color has to be printed at a certain
angle to avoid the creation of moire patterns.
Screen font
- the
letter forms used to display type on a computer screen.
Serif
- a small
cross stroke at the end of the main stroke of the letter.
Service bureau
- a company
that specializes in providing prepress services to printing companies.
Includes typesetting and output to negatives and plates.
Set size
- the width
of the type body of a given point size.
Set off
- the
accidental transfer of the printed image from one sheet to the back of
another.
Show-through
- see
Opacity.
Side stabbed or stitched
- the
folded sections of a book are stabbed through with wire staples at the
binding edge, prior to the covers being drawn on.
Size
- a
solution based on starch or casein which is added to the paper to reduce
ink absorbency.
Small caps
- a set of
letters which are smaller than standard and are equal in size to the
lower case letters for that type size.
Soft or discretionary hyphen
- a
specially coded hyphen which is only displayed when formatting of the
hyphenated word puts it at the end of a line.
Software
- another
name for the application program.
Spell check
- a
facility contained in certain word processing and page makeup programs
to enable a spelling error check to be carried out
Stat
- photostat
copy.
Stet
- used in
proof correction work to cancel a previous correction. Latin for ‘let it
stand’.
Straight copy
- refers to
text only input.
Stripping
-
assembling negatives and halftones so a plate can be made.
Style sheet
- a
collection of tags specifying page layout styles, paragraph settings and
type specifications which can be set up by the user and saved for use in
other documents.
Subscript
- the small
characters set below the normal letters or figures.
Superscript
- the small
characters set above the normal letters or figures.
Swatch
- a color
sample.
Syquest
- name
brand of a removable hard drive.
System software
- refers to
the disk operating software.
T
Tabular format
- the
format of a table with rows and columns.
Tabloid
- a page
half the size of a broadsheet.
Template
- a
standard layout usually containing basic details of the page dimensions.
Text wrap
- see
Runaround.
Text
- the
written or printed material which forms the main body of a publication.
Text type
- typefaces
used for the main text of written material. Generally no larger than 14
point in size.
Thin space
- the
thinnest space normally used to separate words.
Thumbnails
- the first
ideas or sketches of a designer noted down for future reference.
TIFF
- Tagged
Image File Format. A common format for interchanging digital
information, generally associated with grayscale or bitmap graphics.
Tile
- print an
oversize publication in section and assemble manually.
Tint
- the
effect of adding white to a solid color or of screening a solid area.
Translate
- change
one computer format into another format so it can be read by another
application.
Transparency
- a full
color photographically produced image on transparent film.
Trap
- to
overlap touching colors to avoid an unprinted line between them.
Trim
- the
cutting of the finished product to the correct size. Marks are
incorporated on the printed sheet to show where the trimming is to be
made.
TruMatch
- a color
matching system.
Type 1 font
- a format
for high quality typefaces used for the graphics industry. Postscript
fonts are Type 1 fonts.
Typeface
- the
raised surface carrying the image of a type character cast in metal.
Also used to refer to a complete set of characters forming a family in a
particular design or style.
Typo-an
abbreviation for typographical error. An error in the typeset copy.
Typographer
- a
specialist in the design of printed matter, and in particular the art of
typography.
Typography.-
the design and planning of printing matter using type.
U
Unjustified
- ragged
right text.
Uppercase
- the
capital letters of a font.
V
Varnishing
- a
finishing process whereby a transparent varnish is applied over the
printed sheet to produce a glossy finish.
Vector graphics
-
representing graphics and pictures by lines and curves rather than by
bit maps.
Velox
- screened
print ready for stripping final copy.
Vertical justification
- the
ability to adjust the interline spacing (leading) and manipulation of
text in fine increments to make columns and pages end at the same point
on a page.
Vignette
- a small
illustration in a book not enclosed in a definite border.
X
X-height
- the
height of a letter excluding the ascenders and descending; e.g. 'x',
which is also height of the main body.
Y
Yellow
- one of
the four colors that make up the full color printing process.
Z
Zip drive
- a
removable hard drive from Iomega that stores 100 megabytes of data.
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